Oral Presentation

"Probing the Redshift Evolution of the Fundamental Plane: Insights from Horizon Run 5 Simulations"

Author(s): Priya Goyal(KIAS), Prof Changbom Park (KIAS)

Presenter: PRIYA Goyal (Korea institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Seoul, Republic of Korea)

We investigate the Fundamental Plane (FP) evolution of Early-Type Galaxies (ETGs) in the Horizon Run 5 (HR5) simulations from redshift ~ 2.1 to 0.625. We find that a tight plane relation between galaxy size, surface brightness, and velocity dispersion already exists as early as z = 2.1 with scatter as low as ~0.04 dex across this redshift range. We find that 4c + b + 2 = δ , where δ ∼ 0.9 for FPs in HR5, rather than zero as is typically inferred from observations. This implies that a tight power-law relation between the dynamical mass-to-light ratio Mdyn/L and the dynamical mass Mdyn is not present in the HR5 simulations. This can be due to inefficient star formation rates in the simulation producing high star forming ETGs even at the massive end of the stellar mass function. We then study the redshift evolution of FP and M/L ratio by tracing the structural and passive evolution of these sample of ETGs. This study is useful in the era of ongoing observational efforts with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the next generation ground based telescopes, which will provide more detailed insights into ETGs at high redshifts, offering invaluable understanding of the underlying processes driving galaxy formation and evolution.